Qualified Medication Aides (QMA) Practice Exam

Which of the following is a significant adverse effect of anticoagulants?

1. Constipation

2. Hemorrhage

3. Fatigue

4. Drowsiness

The correct answer is: Hemorrhage

Hemorrhage is a significant adverse effect of anticoagulants because these medications are specifically designed to inhibit blood clotting, which increases the risk of bleeding. When a patient is on anticoagulant therapy, there is a heightened possibility that even minor injuries can lead to excessive blood loss since the normal clotting mechanisms are disrupted. This can occur internally or externally, and the severity can vary based on the individual’s condition, the type of anticoagulant used, and other concurrent health issues. While the other options like constipation, fatigue, and drowsiness can occur with various medications, they are not characteristic of anticoagulant therapy and do not pose as serious a risk as hemorrhage. Monitoring for signs of excessive bleeding, such as unusual bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, or blood in urine or stool, is crucial when managing patients on anticoagulants to ensure their safety.